Hypertrophic scars are a common dermatological concern that manifests as raised, red scars that form along the site of a wound. Unlike other types of scarring, hypertrophic scars do not extend beyond the boundary of the original injury, making them distinct from keloids.
This article delves into the causes of hypertrophic scars, explores effective treatments, and differentiates between hypertrophic scars and keloids, with expert insights from Dr. Shuai Wang, an Australian medical aesthetic doctor.
Causes of Hypertrophic Scars
Hypertrophic scars typically develop after the skin undergoes trauma, such as burns, cuts, or surgical incisions. They result from an overactive healing process in which the body produces excessive collagen, accumulating at the wound’s site.
Factors that can influence their formation include:
- The depth and size of the wound.
- The location on the body.
- Genetic predispositions.
Hypertrophic Scars vs. Keloids
It’s crucial to distinguish between hypertrophic scars and keloids, as their management differs significantly. Both are forms of excessive tissue growth involving collagen, but unlike hypertrophic scars, keloids extend beyond the boundaries of the original wound and are typically more challenging to treat. Hypertrophic scars may improve on their own over time and often become less noticeable, whereas keloids usually do not regress and may require more intensive interventions.
| Feature | Hypertrophic Scars | Keloids |
| Definition | Raised scars that do not extend beyond the boundary of the original injury. | Raised scars that grow beyond the boundaries of the original wound. |
| Texture | Firm and raised, but can become flatter over time. | Typically thicker and more rubbery in texture. |
| Color | Often red or pink. | Can be pink, red, or darker than the surrounding skin. |
| Growth | Develop soon after injury and improve over time. | Tend to grow progressively and do not regress on their own |
| Pain or Itching | Commonly itchy or painful. | Often itchy, tender, or painful |
| Location | Commonly occur in areas of injury or surgical sites. | More frequent on the chest, shoulders, earlobes, and cheeks. |
| Treatment Response | Generally respond well to treatments like silicone sheets or steroid injections. | More resistant to treatment; may require more aggressive interventions like surgery or radiation. |
| Recurrence after Treatment | Less likely to recur if treated properly. | High tendency to recur after removal. |
Effective Treatments for Hypertrophic Scars
Managing hypertrophic scars involves various strategies aimed at reducing their size and improving their appearance:
1. Silicone Gel Sheets
Silicone gel sheets are a first-line treatment that helps to hydrate the scar tissue. This not only softens the scar but also reduces its redness and discomfort.
2. Corticosteroid Injections
Corticosteroid injections are commonly used to reduce collagen production at the scar site. Regular injections can significantly reduce the size and itching or pain of hypertrophic scars.
3. Laser Therapy
Laser therapy can be effective in making the scar less noticeable. It works by removing the outer layer of skin over the scar and stimulating the growth of new, healthier skin cells.
4. Cryotherapy
Cryotherapy involves freezing the scar tissue with liquid nitrogen, which kills excess skin cells and reduces the size of the scar.
5. Surgery
In severe cases, surgical removal of the hypertrophic scar might be considered. However, surgery can also trigger the formation of a new scar.
Natural Remedies and Prevention
In addition to medical treatments, maintaining proper wound care is critical in preventing hypertrophic – scars. Keeping the wound clean, covered, and moist can facilitate healthier healing. Some natural remedies, such as applying onion extract gel, may also help reduce scar formation due to their anti-inflammatory properties.
Expert Insight
Dr. Shuai Wang, known for his expertise in medical aesthetics in Australia, emphasizes the importance of early and proactive treatment for hypertrophic scars. According to Dr. Shuai Wang, “Intervening early with appropriate treatments can significantly impact the outcome of hypertrophic scars, enhancing both cosmetic and functional aspects for the patient.”
Conclusion
Hypertrophic scars, while not life-threatening, can be cosmetically displeasing and sometimes uncomfortable. Understanding their causes and knowing the appropriate treatment options can significantly help manage and reduce their appearance. Consulting with a dermatologist or a specialist like Dr Shuai Wang can provide personalized care tailored to the specific needs and conditions of the scar, ensuring the best possible results.